Tylvalosin is a macrolide antibiotic. It is active against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. multocida (MICs = 2, 128, and 128 µg/ml, respectively). Tylvalosin (5 and 10 µg/ml) reduces LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 cells. It reduces the severity of lung lesions in pigs infected with M. hyopneumoniae and P. multocida when administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg per day in the drinking water. Formulations containing tylvalosin have been used in the treatment and metaphylaxis of enzootic pneumonia caused by M. hyopneumoniae in pigs.

[1] Moges R, De Lamache DD, Sajedy S, Renaux BS, Hollenberg MD, Muench G, Abbott EM, Buret AG. Anti-Inflammatory Benefits of Antibiotics: Tylvalosin Induces Apoptosis of Porcine Neutrophils and Macrophages, Promotes Efferocytosis, and Inhibits Pro-Inflammatory CXCL-8, IL1α, and LTB(4) Production, While Inducing the Release of Pro-Resolving Lipoxin A(4) and Resolvin D1. Front Vet Sci. 2018 Apr 11;5:57. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00057. eCollection 2018. PubMed PMID: 29696149; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5905233.

[2] Pallarés FJ, Lasa C, Roozen M, Ramis G. Use of tylvalosin in the control of porcine enzootic pneumonia. Vet Rec Open. 2015 Jun 30;2(1):e000079. doi: 10.1136/vetreco-2014-000079. eCollection 2015. PubMed PMID: 26392896; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4567154.