Andrographolide (Andro) is a small antagonist that activates NF-κB by covalently modifying the reduced cysteine 62 of p50. It is a bicyclic diterpene lactone extracted from the plant Andrographis paniculate. Andrographolide inhibits the activation of NF-κB in stimulated endothelial cells, thereby reducing the expression of cell adhesion molecule E-selectin and preventing E-selectin-mediated leukocyte adhesion.

[1] Xia YF, et al. Andrographolide attenuates inflammation by inhibition of NF-kappa B activation through covalent modification of reduced cysteine 62 of p50. J Immunol. 2004 Sep 15;173(6):4207-17.