Ginsenoside C-K, a bacterial metabolite of G-Rb1, exert anti-inflammatory activities in inflammatory responses by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulating the activities of inflammatory signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein (AP)-1. Ginsenoside C-K exhibits an inhibition against the activity of CYP2C9 and CYP2A6 in human liver microsomes ,respectively.

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