Chondroitin sulphate interferes with the progression of structural changes in joint tissues and is used in the management of patients with osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate reduces inflammation mediators and the apoptotic process and is able to reduce protein production of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and MMPs.

[1] J Monfort, J-P Pelletier, N Garcia-Giralt, J Martel-Pelletier. Biochemical basis of the effect of chondroitin sulphate on osteoarthritis articular tissues. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008 Jun;67(6):735-40. doi: 10.1136/ard.2006.068882. Epub 2007 Jul 20.

[2] Tadahisa Mikami, Hiroshi Kitagawa. Biosynthesis and function of chondroitin sulfate. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Oct;1830(10):4719-33. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.06.006. Epub 2013 Jun 14.

[3] Yves Henrotin, Mariane Mathy, Christelle Sanchez, Cecile Lambert. Chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of osteoarthritis: from in vitro studies to clinical recommendations. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2010 Dec;2(6):335-48. doi: 10.1177/1759720X10383076.